Apparatus for treating light and similar rays



July 12, 1932.

A. O. TATE APPARATUS FOR TREATING LIGHT AND SIMILAR RAYS Filed Dec. 5, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 July 12, 1932. A O TATE 1,866,915

-APPAHATU$ FOR TREATING LIGHT AND SIMILAR RAYS Filed Dec. 3, 1928 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 III 7 mm x n A //VVN TOR fizz Patented July 12; 1932 ALFRED onnn me, or 'ronon'ro, on'ramo, canal);

APPARATUS FOR TREATING LIGHT AND SIMILAR RAYS Application filed December 8, 1928. Serial No. 323,538.

This invention relates to improvements in apertured rotary discs fortreating light and similar rays, as described in the present specification and illustrated in the accompanying drawings which form part of same.

The invention consists essentially of the novel features pointed out broadly and specifically in the claims for novelty following a description containing an explanation in detail of an acceptable form of the invention.

The objects of the invention are to present to the eye the light reflecting object in intermittent undulating bursts or rays of light; to eliminate all shadows or flickering with the 16 accompanying discomfort to the eye; to provide for a maximum opening up of the disc consistent with the method of transmission of light in intermittent undulating waves; to simplify the design and arrangement of the 39 apertures through which the light is transmitted, thereby reducing the cost and facilitating the manufacture of such discs, and generally, to improve on the disc described and claimed in my application for United States Letters Patent Serial No. 311,118, filed October 8, 1928. V y

In the drawings, Figure 1 isa surface view of the disc illustrating the system of arranging the apertures.

I) Figure 2 is a surface view of the disc showing a modified method of forming the apertures.

Like numerals of reference indicate corresponding parts in the variousfigures.

In Figure 1 is shown an apertured disc 10 rigidly mounted at its central axis 11 on a driving shaft suitably rotated. Apertures 12 are formed in the disc and are so arranged as to reveal a light reflecting object as indicated \by' the dotted lines at 20, in sections by intermittent volumes of light through the different apertures 12 as they pass between the light reflecting object and the eye when the disc is properly rotated. It has beenfoundthatthef most' pleasing effect and the least tiresome to commencing and ending in a peripheral zone adjacent the central axis.

The apertures 12 are formed to be arcual about the central axis 11 and are suitably spaced and situated in zones or rings 13 formed between circumferential boundary lines 14 concentric with said central axis 11. Radial lines 15 from the central axis 11 serve to distinguish the side boundary lines of the apertures 12 and to form blank sectors 16 which serve to circumferentially space the apertures 12 and also act as spokes or ribs to retain the disc in its proper form. The apertures 12 in each zone 13 are so formed that the time of exposure at all points in the disc .5

. In order to accomplish this, the apertures in an series or system are spaced circumferentia y from the aperture in the neighbouring concentric z'one by'a sector or blank space 16.

Consider the apertures which are marked in full black as at 21 in Figure 1, as one sys tem of apertures in series. Let us suppose that the disc is rotating in the direction indicated by the arrow. Commencing adjacent to the central axis and considering the apertures from 22 to 24 inclusive, in series, the lowermost section of the object 20 would first be revealed through the aperture 22 and the neighbouring section of the object 20 would be revealed through the aperture 23 spaced circumferentially from the aperture 22 by the sector 16 and situated in the neighboursing" concentric zone. Similarly, the remainder to complete the undu ating wave, the

apertures are arranged from this point to reveal the object from top to bottom as the disc rotates further, commencing at 24A at the uppermost section and ending at 22A adjacent to the central axis and at the lowermost section. In this particular disc, the number of concentric zones in which the apertures are formed to reveal the object from top to bottom or from bottom to top, is ten, and the number of degrees in each sector in which the apertures are formed, is six. The apertures are preferably radially spaced from each other by equal sectors, in this instance, of six degrees. Thus, when the disc is revolved a sufi'icient distance to reveal the object 20 from bottom to top and top to botother at the point 25 where apertures of double length are necessary in order to retain the same volume of light in each concentric zone.

in order to admit more light through the disc and still retain the principle of intermittent undulating waves, a second system of apertures, as indicated by the cross hatching at 26, may be similarly formed and arranged, to that shown in solid black at 24. At certain points, the apertures in this system would fall in the same spaces as the apertures in the first named system, as at 30, where the two systems intersect. When such is the case, apertures of double the radian measurement may be formed, as at 32, in order to admit equal volumes of light throughout the disc.

If it is desired to open up the disc further, a third system of apertures may be arranged, as indicated by the single hatching at 35. The same method of forming apertures of greater radian measurement is used where this series or system intersects the former series, as indicated at 36. When two or more apertures 12 fall in the same radial space or sector and in neighbouring concentric zones, as at 37, the several apertures may be combined into one aperture of a length equal to the combined lengths of the said apertures, as shown at 38.

When the three separate systems as indicated at 24, 30, and 35, are used,.the apertures will be quite close to each other and at the same time the intermittent undulating wave action will be retained and any circumferential shadows or-dark lines apparent to the eye, will be practically eliminated.

In Figure 2 is shown a slight modification of the disc from that shown in Figure 1. In this, figure, the numeral 10A represents the ture, in this case the portion being one half.

In this manner all darklines resulting from the circumferential boundaries of the apertures are positively eliminated. The apertures 12A are spaced radially from each other by sectors 16 similar to the apertures 12 in Figure 1, but are situated in two circumferential zones instead of one, as formerly. Each aperture'in a series is placed at a greater distance from the central axis than the preceding aperture more adjacent said axis, by the width of one concentric zone, and as the apertures are of sufficient length to lie in two concentric zones, the upper half of the section of the object 20 revealed through said preceding aperture will be revealed through the lower half of the following aperture more distant from the central axis. A

It is to be noted that in an arrangement of this nature, the apertures are preferably arranged so as to reveal at least the upper half of the portion of the object revealed in the preceding aperture more adjacent to the central axis in order to retain equal exposure throughout the disc. The apertures 12A are arranged in series similar to the arrangement in Figure 1, so that the light will be transmitted to the eye in intermittent undulating waves, or in other words, the object will be revealed from bottom to top and top to bottom in successive overlapping sections. If it is desired to open up the disc to a greater extent in any one of such a series of apertures, the apertures would be so arranged that the following aperture reveals the upper two thirds of the image revealed through the preceding aperture in theseries and more adjacent to the central axis. In this manner, each portion of the object would be revealed three times in any one series proceeding from the central axis to the periphery and similarly from the periphery to the central axis.

The series of apertures are preferably arranged symmetrically on the disc. Three suchseries revealingthe object from top to bottom and bottom to topare included in one system, as indicated in solid black as at 40 The several series in this system cross each other as at 41. In the concentric zone at 13B, a portion of two apertures normally fall in the same area and it becomes necessary to .form a compensating opening in orderto admit a volume of light in this zone equal to that in the other zones. Compensating openings are formed in this-zone 1313 as at 43 in such a manner that the undulating wave of light at any point in such series is maintained at its full relative value.

central axis on ashaft suitably rotated, arcu- In order to increase the density of the light transmitted through this form of apertured discs, a second system of apertures 1n series, as indicated at 46, may be formed in the disc. This system is similarly formed to the former system indicated at 40. Where the two systems intersect as at 47, and two apertures fall iIb the same space, an a erture of twice the radian measurement is ormed, as at 48. Where the series in the second named system intersect, as at 49, similar to the former series at 41, the same method of forming copensating apertures as indicated at 50,, to that used in the former at 43, may be used.

It is to be noted that in the inner concentric zone as at 13C and the outer concentric .the apertures in theso' zones is only half that of the volumes transmitted in each of the other zones. In order to overcome this deficiency, compensating apertures may be formed in these two zones, asindicated at 53,

having a total radian measurement equal to the total radian measurement of the apertures that regularly fall in said zones.

This method of arranging the apertures as indicatedin Figure 2, allows for opening up the disc to a greater degree without undue increase in the number of apertures. The apertures being so arranged in series to reveal successive overlapping sections of the object, efl'ectively eliminates all circumferential lines or shadows which might be caused by the circumferential boundaries of the precedinr apertures in the series when that portion of the object revealed at the boundary of the preceding apertures its not fully revealed in the following aperture or apertures.

What I claim is:

1. Ina rotary disc for treating light and similar rays, apertures formed therein and spaced circumferentially from each other by radial sectors and at'varying distances from;

the axis about which said disc rotates and arranged in a plurality of series commencing adjacent to said axis and proceeding to a point adjacent the periphery thereof and thence back to a point adjacent to said cen-- tral axis, one ormore compensating "apertures placed at the same distance from said central axis as the point where two or more of said series intersect in such a manner that I overlapping apertures.

some of the apertures in each of said series or portions of said apertures normally fallat the same point in the disc, said compensating apertures being of the same radian measurement as the total radian measurement of the an apparatus similar "rays, a disc rigidly" mounted at its for treating light al apertures spaced from each other by radial or more series commencing adjacent to said axis and proceeding to a point adjacent to the periphery thereof and thence .back to a point adjacent to said central axis, said apertures in said series being so situated in regard to the central axis that any aperture will re veal therethrough a portion of the image'revealed through the neighbouring aperture or apertures in said series, and compensating apertures of the same area and at the same distance from the central axis as any apertures in a series so situated that an aperture in any of the other of said series will normally fall in thesame place. i

3. In an apparatus for treating light and similar rays, 3. disc rigidly mounted at its central axis on a shaft suitably rota-ted, arcual apertures formedbetween blank sectors in said disc and situated at varying distances from said axis in such a manner that they willbe arranged in one or more series commencing adjacent to said axis and proceeding to a point adjacent to the periphery thereof and thence back to a point adjacent to said central axis, said apertures in said series being so situated in regard to the central axis that any one of said apertures will reveal therethrough at least half of the image revealed through the neighbouring apertures in said series.

4. An apparatus for treating light and similar rays comprising a movable shield having apertures therein arranged in 'gr ups, the aperatures of each group being progressively displaced longitudinally and transversely with respect to the line of movement thereof to produce an undulating ray, a plurality of such groups being arranged in intersecting relationship and having certain common apertures. n

5. An apparatus for treating light rays which comprises a rotary disc having apertures arranged in a plurality of groups, the

apertures of each group being progresslvely displaced circumferentially and radially in a series extending from the center of said disc to the periphery thereof,- and then returning toward the center, a plurality of said groups being arranged in intersecting relationship and having certain common apertures.

6. An. apparatus for treating light rays which comprises a rotary disc having apertures arranged in a plurality of groups, the

apertures of each grou-p'being progressively displaced circumferentially and radially in a series extending from the center of said disc to the periphery thereof, and then returning toward the center, a plurality of said groups -/a-rranged .in intersecting relationship and aving"cer'tai common apertures, said common aperturesliaving an area equal to the total-area of the. superimposed apertures.

7. A device for treating light rays comprising a rotary disc having apertures therein, each of said apertures being bounded by arcs of concentric circles and by radii of said disc, said apertures being arranged in groups, the apertures of each group being displaced radiall; and circumferentially to progressively scan an object, said groups being arranged in overlapping relationship and certain of said apertures being common to a plurality of groups.

8. In an apparatus for treating light and similar rays, ardisc mounted at its central axis on a rotating shaft and having apertures formed therein arranged in series, successive apertures being displaced radially and circumferentially, a portion of each aperture being in the same concentric zone as a portion of the neighbouring aperture, whereby a portion of a light reflecting object, which is revealed through any one of said apertures, will also be revealed through the neighbouring aperture.

In testimony whereof I have hereunto set my hand ALFRED ORDE TATE. 

